CORS is enforced by the browser, not the server. Postman and curl send the request and print the response; they never check Access-Control headers. A browser blocks your JavaScript from reading the response unless the server opted in. If it fails here, it fails for your users in Chrome, Firefox and Safari too.
It sends this page's origin (https://systron.net). The Origin header is a forbidden header name in the Fetch specification — JavaScript can never set it, and that is a good thing: the whole security model depends on the browser, not the page, deciding the origin. To validate what a different frontend origin would experience, grab the response headers with curl -I or DevTools and run them through the Header Analyzer tab with your origin — it applies the exact same rules the browser does.
Before certain cross-origin requests, the browser automatically sends an OPTIONS request asking the server for permission: this origin, this method, these headers. It happens for methods other than GET, HEAD and POST, for Content-Types other than form/text/plain, and whenever custom headers like Authorization are attached. If the preflight fails, the real request is never sent. Test it here by picking PUT/DELETE or adding a custom header.
By specification, the wildcard cannot be combined with credentials — a browser rejects the response outright. With cookies (fetch credentials: 'include' or XMLHttpRequest withCredentials), the server must echo the exact origin AND send Access-Control-Allow-Credentials: true. Wildcard is only valid for public, credential-free APIs.